Incorporating the toxic metals into the food chains mainly occurs via contaminated paddy soil in rice-consuming regions as staple food items such as the Asian region. In this study, selected CKDu endemic areas in Sri Lanka are also identified as agricultural areas, and for the first time, this study compared the hazardous metal contamination of drinking water and agricultural soil in CKDu endemic areas with a nonendemic area in Sri Lanka. Even if the current research reveals that toxic metal contents in drinking water samples in CKDu endemic areas were far below the permissible limits, long-term exposure of the toxic metals via drinking water may generate a risk. Apart from that, the persistence of the harmful heavy metals/metalloids such as Cr, As, Cd, and Pb in frequently applying fertilizers would be the significant reason for paddy soil pollution with toxic metals/metalloids. Geoaccumulation indexes reveal that paddy soil in selected CKDu endemic areas is being transferred to a moderate contamination stage, and frequently, metal-contaminated fertilizer applications may augment the risk of entering toxic metals into the paddy plants and then rice grins from the soil solution. Hence, the long-term accumulation of toxic metals/metalloids definitely affects human kidney functions. There is an urgent need to expand the evaluation of the quality of the fertilizers’ use in Sri Lanka. Remediation of agricultural soil contaminated by heavy metals is necessary to reduce the associated health risks, make the land resource available for agricultural production, and enhance food 

W. P. R. T. Perera, M. D. N. R. Dayananda, D. M. U. C. Dissanayake, R. A. S. D. Rathnasekara, W. S. M. Botheju, J. A. Liyanage , S. K. Weragoda, and K. A. M. Kularathne

Journal of Chemistry

Abstract :- https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6627254