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Language is a window into the human mind. Language is one of the fundamental topics in human sciences. It is straight, distinctive from other spaces. And also it is essential for human collaboration. It is like a mysterious power. Language has many practical applications central to human life.
Language comes twice as action to us. There are writing methods and spoken methods. It is a strange miracle gift to us. Here’s some 6000 languages spoken on earth.
“Man has an instinctive tendency to speak as we see in the babble of our young children while no child has an instinctive tendency to bake, brew or write.”
                                                                                   -Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882)
About language, Linguistics study of how Language work including,
Ø  Grammars – Study of word, phrases, and sentences
Ø  Phonology – Study of sounds
Ø  Semantics – Study of meanings
Ø  Pragmatics – Study of use of the Language in conversation.
Scientists’ studies also study how it is processed in the study of psycholinguistics, how it is acquired by children studying Language acquisition, and how it is computed in the brain study of Neuro Linguistics.
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Linguistics is the science of languages
What is Language?
It is important not to confuse Language with three other things which are related to Language. They are
  1. Spoken Language
  2. Proper Grammar
  3. Thoughts
 
1.spoken Language
Spoken Language, which is found in all human culture, human history. Writing method was invented a very small number of times in Linguistics history, about 5000 years ago.
2.Proper Grammar
Linguistics teaches between Descriptive grammar (How people do speak) and Prescriptive grammar ( How people should speak ).
There are some examples about Descriptive grammar and Prescriptive grammar.
Ex: Descriptive grammar
    “To boldly go where no man has gone before”
-   Captain Jame T. Kirt (USS Enterprise)
    “I can’t get no satisfaction.”
-   Mick Bigger – The Rolling stones.
Ex: Prescriptive grammar
    “To go boldly where no man has gone before.”
    “I can’t get any satisfaction.”
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In the south of England in the 17th century used “I can’t get no satisfaction” rather than “I can’t get any satisfaction.”
3.Thoughts
Many people think that they think in Language. But computer physiology has many kinds of thoughts that don’t take place from sconces. For an example we know from an experiment that long Linguistics features such as babies communicate without speech
We can divide Language into three parts. There are,
  1. Words
  2. Rules (Syntax, Morphology, Phonology)
  3. Interfaces
 
 
Nirmala Balakrishnan
Special 3rd year
Department of Linguistics
Faculty of Humanities